READAPTATION OF CHILDREN FOUND IN DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES

Abstract

The article considers the approaches to the organization of work of special social and pedagogical institutions working with minors who find themselves in difficult life circumstances. According to the authors, for effective work on rehabilitation of children it is necessary to identify psychological features that lead to a violation of their social adaptation and on the basis of the acquired knowledge to organize work on social rehabilitation of adolescents in difficult life circumstances. Theoretical approaches to the interpretation of social adaptation, in particular, psychoanalytic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, are considered. Socio-psychological adaptation is interpreted by the authors as one of the types of social adaptation, the interaction of the individual and the social environment, which leads to the optimal ratio of goals and values of the individual and the group. Readaptation is considered as a kind of socio-psychological adaptation of the individual, which is interpreted by the authors as a set of measures aimed at adapting at one level or another to environmental conditions. It is substantiated that the system of comprehensive assistance to a child in difficult life circumstances should be built as a complementary chain of emergency social assistance, pedagogical support and accompaniment at the level of mass educational institution, specialized assistance and counseling in specialized centers. The study allowed us to identify trends for further theoretical study of social readaptation, as well as for the practical application of the results.